A Guide to Understanding and Preventing Self-Harm in Young People

Discovering that a child or teenager is engaging in self-harm is a deeply distressing experience for any parent or caregiver. It’s crucial to understand that self-harm is not a bid for attention but a sign of immense emotional pain and a maladaptive coping mechanism. At Leeto Child Development Centre in Morningside, Sandton, our psychologists provide a supportive and non-judgmental environment to help young people and their families navigate this challenge. This guide aims to help you understand and prevent self-harm behaviour.

What is Self-Harm?

Self-harm, or non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), refers to the deliberate act of causing harm to one’s own body without suicidal intent. Common methods include cutting, burning, scratching, or hitting oneself. It is a way some young people try to cope with overwhelming feelings, such as anxiety, depression, trauma, or intense stress. This is also supported by the American Psychological Association.

Supportive and compassionate counselling for teenagers struggling with self-harm at Leeto Child Development Centre in Sandton

Recognising the Warning Signs

Early intervention is key to preventing self-harm from becoming an entrenched pattern. Be observant of these potential signs that may appear on those close to you and around you:

  • Unexplained Wounds: Frequent cuts, burns, or bruises, often on the wrists, arms, thighs, or chest.
  • Covering Up: Wearing long sleeves or pants consistently, even in warm weather.
  • Behavioural Changes: Withdrawing from friends, family, and activities they once enjoyed.
  • Emotional Volatility: Appearing depressed, anxious, or emotionally numb.
  • Finding Tools: Discovering razors, lighters, or sharp objects in their possession without a clear reason.

Why Do Young People Self-Harm?

Understanding the “why” is the first step toward healing. Self-harm is often a way to:

  • Manage or distract from overwhelming emotional pain.
  • Express feelings they can’t put into words.
  • Feel a sense of control when life feels chaotic.
  • Punish themselves for perceived faults or failures.

How to Help: Strategies for Prevention and Support

1. Open, Non-Judgmental Communication

If you are concerned, approach your child with compassion, not anger. Use “I” statements, such as “I’ve noticed you seem sad lately, and I’m worried about you.” Let them know you are a safe person to talk to.

2. Validate Their Feelings

Avoid minimising their pain. Instead of saying “It’s not that bad,” try “That sounds incredibly difficult. I’m here for you.” Validation can reduce the shame that often fuels self-harm.

3. Identify Triggers and Develop Healthy Coping Skills

Work with a professional to help your child identify what triggers their urge to self-harm and build a “toolbox” of alternatives. This can include:

  • Sensory Grounding: Holding an ice cube, snapping a rubber band on the wrist, or focusing on deep breathing.
  • Creative Expression: Drawing, painting, or writing in a journal.
  • Physical Activity: Going for a run, dancing, or punching a pillow.

 

4. Seek Professional Help

Self-harm is a clear indicator that a young person needs professional support. Psychologists and therapists can provide evidence-based therapies, such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) or Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT), which are highly effective. Resources from the South African Depression and Anxiety Group (SADAG) can also be a starting point for finding help.

5. Create a Safe Environment

While you cannot watch your child every moment, you can reduce access to means of self-harm and foster a home environment that prioritises open communication and mental wellness.

The Role of Professional Support at Leeto

At Leeto Child Development Centre, we specialise in helping children, teenagers, and young adults develop the emotional resilience they need to cope in healthier ways. We provide:

  • Individual Therapy: A safe space for individuals to explore their feelings and learn new coping strategies.
  • Family Counselling: Supporting the entire family system to improve communication and understanding.
  • Skills Training: Teaching practical emotional regulation and distress tolerance skills.

You Are Not Alone

Witnessing a child in such pain is frightening, but with the right support, recovery is possible. Early intervention can change the trajectory of a young person’s life.

If you are in Johannesburg and concerned that your child may be self-harming, the team at Leeto Child Development Centre in Morningside, Sandton, is here to help. We offer a compassionate, expert approach to healing.

Reach out today to schedule a confidential consultation.

Call Us On: 069 434 8066

Email Us: admin@leeto.joburg

Our Location: 173 Rivonia Road, Morningside, Johannesburg

Website: www.leeto.joburg

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